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 Overview Communication in Kurdistan:

 The system of communication and connecting in Kurdistan was ignored by the Iraq's regime. For example if we take a look at Erbil city in such a big city like arbil there were only ten thousands of interior lines, that was under a strong supervising of security industries of former Iraq's regime, in 1991 the communication between Erbil and other cities were already been cut off, and in this case Kurdistan was completely separated from other Iraqi regions.

After the uprising in 1991 by the blockade that posed to us we were unable to develop our communications, but in third cabinet of Kurdistan region the new system which was DX4 been started and also in fourth cabinet the digital system been started.
  1. In 1997, in the first project of Kurdistan region authority decided to buy a new and the latest exchange of the size of 2000 lines for connecting the ministries, industries and also service stations and also this exchange again been updated and increased to 4000 lines, and that was on Kurdistan authority budget.
  2. In 2000 after this project in service affairs, communication was so successful Kurdistan region authority decided to change the exchanges and to be upon the Kurdistan region budget after losing hopes of exporting oil and importing the food after that the exchanges in Erbil and Duhok been changed into a modern one in type of Carin.
  3. After the time of the program of exporting the oil and importing the food. The foundation of (ITU) started building 3 new exchanged of the size of 40000 lines in Kurdistan region cities, in Erbil city 15000 line and 10000 lines in Duhok ,15000 lines in Sulaimania, and connecting all of three exchanges with each other using microwave in type of SDHSTM-1.
  4. For accompanying the development of communication affairs, the ministry of transportation and communication started building two transit exchanges in arbil city which was of the size of 1000E1 and in duhok city 600E1 for more simplifying the services inside and outside. The ministry started increasing and connecting the Erbil city and Duhok city by microwave networks the number of E1s increased to 30E1, between Erbil and Sulaimaniya to 20E1 and Duhok Sulaimaniya to 10E1.
  5. for increasing the number of requests in communication, ministry of transportation and communication started implementing the wireless project (CDMA-WLL/wireless) for solving the problem of the lack of telephone lines, there were improvements for establishing this modern system in Erbil 60000 shared lines and in Duhok 30000, also in other cities and towns like Akree 30000 shared lines and also in Zaxo 30000 shared lines. And also in that project the digital exchange of Erbil been changed into a newer exchanges which was using layers in a latest modern way which was CSMA, this system started working in the September of 2005.
  6. In other projects of Ministry of tTansportation and Communications is making the connection between the exchanges inside Erbil city by the optical fiber cable (Fiber Optic), and this by using (ducts) systems underground with size of (36 core) in length of 25km by using 140 (manholes) in a legal way and 300 km of pipe in type of PVC is used in this network to connect the central exchange of Erbil to exchanges in Ainkawa, Shorish, Brayatee, Zanko, Nawroz.

Exchanges in Hawler:
Shorish Exchange:
The digital type of (MX1) of the size of 3200 lines that was able to be expanded to 7000 lines with the network of cables that its boundary will cover the way between the road of Ainkawa street until (sawa oven) but for the last time a new exchange in Shorish been set up with (MDF) networks with the size of 15000 lines implemented through Siemens Company.

Ainkawa Exchange:
Digital type of (MX1) with the size of 1400 lines which is able to be expanded to 7000 lines with the cable networks, but by the reason of not having enough place in the same building of Ainkawa exchange, in the near future in the new building of Ainkawa the new exchange by Huwawi will be implemented.

Zanko Exchange:
The digital type of (LX1-Remot) with the size of 1400 lines that is able to be expanded to 11200 lines with network cables that its boundary will cover between the street of Karkuk way until the engineering section in the near future in the new building of Zanko a new exchange well be set up by Siemens company also with designing the cable networks.

Nawroz Exchange:
The digital type of (LX1) with the size of 4000 lines that is capable to be expanded into 50000 lines with the cable networks which its boundary will cover between streets of the Mosul road until the street of Karkuk road.

Rzgare Exchange:
The digital type that was used before in type of (MX1) after that the system is developed into (LX1). Its boundary is between the main ways between agricultural sections until the beginning of the street (sawa oven). All the exchanges are connected directly with each other by fiber optic cable (Fiber Optic).


Other communication projects in other Cities and Towns:
  1. Set up the digital exchange in type of (Remote MX1) in size of 705 lines which is capable of expanding to 7000 lines in Bnaslawa town with renovation of the building of directory of posts and communication.
  2. Set upthe digital exchange in type of (Remote MX1) with the size of 705 lines which has the capability of expanding to 7000 lines in Kasnazan town with the cabling networks and connecting two exchanges of Bnaslawa and Kasnazan by microwave with Erbil directly.
  3. Set up the exchange of the type (NEC) with the size of 1400 lines in Hareer and Xabat also with cabling networks.
  4. Set up an exchange of type DXF with the size of 500 lines in towns of Mergasor, Rawandz, Choman, with network cabling.
  5. Set up a new digital exchange in section of Bastora.
  6. Set up the exchange of the type (Remote MX1) of the size of 705 lines in the town of Qushtapa.
  7. V the exchange in type of (Single Channel) with the size of 705 lines in Bahrka town.

Communication projects in the Kurdistan Region up to 01/01/2009
  1. Increasing microwave channel between Soran – Hawler from (6E1) to (63E1) (STM).
  2. Installing (backbone) between Hawler and Duhok, size (STM) with (Ring Protection), which includes (13) stations.
  3. Connecting Kurdistan Region to Turkey through fiber optic size (STM4) and can be increased in the future.
  4. Increasing the size of the Ring in Hawler, implemented by (Simnis) company in 2006.
  5. Installing (MW) (Backbone) between Hawler, Duhok and Zakho with the (STM) size and implemented by the (Huawei) company.
  6. Connecting Hawler and Makhmur through fiber optic with the (STM), (151Mb) capacity.






Ministry of Transportation and Communications :: Kurdistan - Iraq
Iraq - Erbil - Kerkuk St . / Tel: +964 (0)66 223 4350
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